WEBVTT 00:00:00.540 --> 00:00:02.090 First and foremost, it's 00:00:02.090 --> 00:00:04.200 important to know that in the vast 00:00:04.200 --> 00:00:06.420 majority of situations of trafficking, 00:00:06.540 --> 00:00:08.900 the victim knows and, in many 00:00:08.900 --> 00:00:12.009 cases, loves and trusts the trafficker. 00:00:12.349 --> 00:00:14.689 It is very rare that a trafficking 00:00:14.699 --> 00:00:16.310 victim is kidnapped by a 00:00:16.310 --> 00:00:20.150 total stranger. Fraud and coercion, 00:00:20.640 --> 00:00:22.790 another name for manipulation, are 00:00:22.790 --> 00:00:24.789 far more frequent ways of recruiting 00:00:24.789 --> 00:00:27.059 people into trafficking situations. 00:00:28.350 --> 00:00:30.150 Fraud and coercion can 00:00:30.150 --> 00:00:32.970 take many forms. The tactics 00:00:32.970 --> 00:00:35.300 that traffickers use usually depend 00:00:35.310 --> 00:00:36.390 on their victims' unique 00:00:36.390 --> 00:00:39.119 circumstances or vulnerabilities. 00:00:39.299 --> 00:00:41.440 What may lure one person into a 00:00:41.440 --> 00:00:43.850 trafficking situation might not work for 00:00:43.850 --> 00:00:46.290 another. The same is true for 00:00:46.290 --> 00:00:47.640 what might keep a person from 00:00:47.640 --> 00:00:50.130 breaking free of a trafficker's control. 00:00:51.030 --> 00:00:53.050 Traffickers understand this. 00:00:53.940 --> 00:00:55.680 They identify the needs of their 00:00:55.680 --> 00:00:57.870 victims and meet these needs by 00:00:57.870 --> 00:01:00.000 providing solutions. 00:01:00.549 --> 00:01:02.750 Maybe it's a job that is supposed to 00:01:02.759 --> 00:01:04.620 pay good wages, but turns 00:01:04.620 --> 00:01:06.840 out pays nothing at all. 00:01:06.950 --> 00:01:09.049 Maybe it's a place to sleep that 00:01:09.060 --> 00:01:11.950 turns out to come at a price. 00:01:12.000 --> 00:01:14.349 Maybe it's a promise of fame or fortune. 00:01:15.819 --> 00:01:17.630 Sometimes what traffickers offer 00:01:17.640 --> 00:01:19.880 is less tangible, but at least 00:01:19.880 --> 00:01:22.099 as powerful as material objects. 00:01:22.700 --> 00:01:25.200 They offer love, affection, 00:01:25.210 --> 00:01:28.250 a sense of belonging. 00:01:28.250 --> 00:01:30.950 This whole process is known as grooming. 00:01:32.240 --> 00:01:33.910 The trafficker spends time grooming 00:01:33.910 --> 00:01:36.500 the victim. That is, convincing 00:01:36.500 --> 00:01:37.930 the victim that this is what 00:01:37.930 --> 00:01:40.010 they want, that this is going 00:01:40.010 --> 00:01:41.160 to get them what they need. 00:01:42.540 --> 00:01:43.690 By the time the trafficking 00:01:43.690 --> 00:01:45.620 begins, the victim thinks the 00:01:45.620 --> 00:01:47.460 decision was actually theirs alone. 00:01:49.440 --> 00:01:51.320 Then comes the coercion. The 00:01:51.320 --> 00:01:54.840 control. Sometimes traffickers control 00:01:54.840 --> 00:01:56.360 through threats and violence. 00:01:57.340 --> 00:02:00.239 Sometimes they don't have to. 00:02:00.260 --> 00:02:02.950 By "solving" another person's problem, 00:02:03.640 --> 00:02:05.810 traffickers give themselves power over 00:02:05.810 --> 00:02:09.340 that person. They gave the person 00:02:09.350 --> 00:02:10.949 what they needed and 00:02:10.949 --> 00:02:13.300 they can take it away. 00:02:13.349 --> 00:02:14.580 If that happens, their victim 00:02:14.580 --> 00:02:15.569 will find themselves 00:02:15.569 --> 00:02:17.530 back where they started. 00:02:17.539 --> 00:02:19.979 Without money. Without love. 00:02:20.039 --> 00:02:21.219 Without the ability to support 00:02:21.229 --> 00:02:22.819 themselves or their families. 00:02:23.099 --> 00:02:24.949 That is coercion. 00:02:25.599 --> 00:02:28.800 That coercion or control is why 00:02:28.810 --> 00:02:31.319 many victims of human trafficking may 00:02:31.319 --> 00:02:35.560 not identify as victims or reach out for help. 00:02:35.560 --> 00:02:37.460 For example, if a victim is a 00:02:37.460 --> 00:02:39.070 foreign national who came to the 00:02:39.070 --> 00:02:41.650 United States for work, a trafficker 00:02:41.650 --> 00:02:43.400 could threaten to get them deported. 00:02:44.199 --> 00:02:46.130 If a victim has a past 00:02:46.130 --> 00:02:48.610 history of abuse or neglect and 00:02:48.610 --> 00:02:50.270 a trafficker promises love and 00:02:50.270 --> 00:02:52.670 stability, the victim may be too 00:02:52.670 --> 00:02:54.120 loyal to their trafficker to 00:02:54.120 --> 00:02:56.050 report them or try to leave. 00:02:57.640 --> 00:02:59.160 Maybe a victim is addicted to 00:02:59.170 --> 00:03:01.290 opioids and the trafficker threatens 00:03:01.290 --> 00:03:03.849 to deprive them of drugs and 00:03:03.860 --> 00:03:05.099 force them to experience 00:03:05.099 --> 00:03:08.599 debilitating withdrawal symptoms. 00:03:08.659 --> 00:03:10.169 In all of these examples, 00:03:10.169 --> 00:03:11.520 victims can feel like they 00:03:11.520 --> 00:03:13.980 are left without options. They 00:03:13.980 --> 00:03:15.810 think the consequences of leaving 00:03:15.810 --> 00:03:18.099 their traffickers are worse than staying. 00:03:19.400 --> 00:03:21.750 Here's an example of how 00:03:21.750 --> 00:03:24.810 traffickers use coercion. 00:03:25.210 --> 00:03:27.320 Lacey's parents kicked her out when she 00:03:27.320 --> 00:03:29.760 told them she was gay. She 00:03:29.760 --> 00:03:31.450 couldn't find a job, so she 00:03:31.450 --> 00:03:33.150 started selling sex in order to 00:03:33.150 --> 00:03:36.040 support herself. After a couple 00:03:36.040 --> 00:03:38.270 buyers got violent, Lacey met 00:03:38.270 --> 00:03:40.080 Jeremy who said he could keep 00:03:40.080 --> 00:03:42.600 her safe. He invited her to 00:03:42.600 --> 00:03:43.990 live in his apartment with 00:03:43.990 --> 00:03:45.490 several other girls who were also 00:03:45.490 --> 00:03:48.550 selling sex. Lacey accepted his 00:03:48.560 --> 00:03:50.560 offer of safety and stability. 00:03:51.540 --> 00:03:53.100 She quickly grew close with the 00:03:53.100 --> 00:03:55.000 other girls she lived with. 00:03:55.159 --> 00:03:57.460 In exchange for the place to stay, 00:03:57.940 --> 00:03:59.520 Jeremy made them give him part 00:03:59.520 --> 00:04:00.850 of their earnings every night. 00:04:01.840 --> 00:04:03.060 If they didn't earn enough, 00:04:03.640 --> 00:04:05.070 he would lose his temper and 00:04:05.070 --> 00:04:08.640 could get violent. One night, Lacey 00:04:08.640 --> 00:04:11.310 didn't make enough. But instead 00:04:11.310 --> 00:04:13.410 of hurting her, Jeremy hurt 00:04:13.410 --> 00:04:16.580 Lacey's best friend. From then on, 00:04:16.830 --> 00:04:18.670 Lacey did whatever she had to 00:04:18.760 --> 00:04:19.920 in order to make the amount 00:04:19.920 --> 00:04:22.420 Jeremy set. She couldn't stand 00:04:22.420 --> 00:04:23.400 the thought of one of her 00:04:23.400 --> 00:04:25.160 friends being hurt because of her.